December 3: Twenty-first State Joins Union
On 3 December 1818 Illinois became the 21st U.S. State. However it was actually on 18 April 1818 that President James Monroe signed the statehood enabling act that was adopted by congress. At the time, there was a federal requirement that a territory’s population had to be at least 60,000 before it could be granted statehood. The population of Illinois was around 40,000. However, a census was taken continually until the 60,000 figure was reached.
Upon becoming a state, the Illinois capital stayed at Kaskaskia. The government was headquartered in a small building rented by the state. In 1819 Vandalia became the capital. While it was the capital, three separate building were built to serve as the capitol building. Then in 1837, the capital was moved again to Springfield, where a fifth capitol building was made. A sixth building was made in 1867 which continues to serve as the capitol today.
The population of Illinois continued to grow. By the year 1860, the population had grown by 350 percent to a total of 1.7 million people. It is now the fifth most populated state in the U.S.
When Illinois was first starting to be settled, early U.S. settlement had begun in the southern part of the state and quickly moved north; driving out the native residents of the land as they did so. In 1832, some of the natives came back from Iowa but were driven out in the Black Hawk War.
–Shea Rhodes
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Meet the Author: Shea Rhodes
I am currently going to Schoolcraft College as a full-time student. As of now my plan is to transfer to Easter Michigan University and become a history teacher. When I am not at school I enjoy doing things with my friends such as playing video games.
The Black Hawk War took place in 1832 between the U.S. and the Native Americans. Originally black hawk had no intentions of using violence but when U.S. militia opened fire black hawks people fought back. Although the U.S militia did not have many well-trained soldiers they managed to defeat most of black hawks people and drive them back toward the Mississippi river. There on August 2, 1832 the rest of Hawks men were defeated although black hawk and a few others escaped they later surrendered. This war is also very well known because Abraham Lincoln served on the U.S. side.