On 12 December 1951, the Navy announced that they had chosen Nautilus as the name of the first nuclear powered submarine. However, President Harry S. Truman would not lay the keel of submarine until 14 June 1952. The USS Nautilus was launched on 21 January 1954.

The nuclear submarine was the sixth navy ship to be named the Nautilus. The first USS Nautilus was a Chesapeake Bay schooner launched in 1799 but not acquired by the navy until May 1803. Before being purchased by the navy for $7,000 the Nautilus had been captured by French pirates. Under the command of Lt. Richard Somers, the USS Nautilus was sent to Tripoli to fight in the first Barbary War. During the War of 1812, the first USS Nautilus was captured by the British. It was then renamed the HMS Emulous and remained in the Royal Navy until 1817.

The name Nautilus also has a rich history outside the U.S. Navy. Robert Fulton chose this name for his 1800 submarine; the first practical submarine to be built. Fulton was an American inventor living in France during the time he designed and built his Nautilus.

In both Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea (1870) and The Mysterious Island (1874), Jules Verne named his fictional submarine the Nautilus. Captained by Nemo, the Nautilus had been built on a desert island from parts purchased from around the world. Nemo was an expatriate who had exiled himself to the sea. In addition to his scientific interests, he was also intent on seeking revenge against his country and civilization in general.

Nautilus is an appropriate name for sea going vessels because the name comes from the Greek term for sailor (ναυτίλος). The name is also shared by a type of sea mollusk.
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–Steven L. Berg, PhD

Photo Caption: Jules Verne (top) Nautilus belauensis (bottom)

Although Today in History is primarily student written, there are some days when we do not have a student author. You will enjoy another student entry tomorrow.