On 19 December 1154, Henry II of England and his queen Eleanor of Aquitaine were crowned at Westminster Abby by Theobald, the Archbishop of Canterbury. Henry II was only twenty when he inherited the Kingdom after King Stephen died. His son, Henry the Younger, had a coronation on 14 June 1170, in an attempt to settle the succession to the throne during the father’s lifetime. But the young Henry died before his father.

King Henry II was born in France on 5 March 5 1133 son of Count of Anjou and Matilda, daughter of Henry I of England. Henry II became actively involved by the age of 14 in his mother’s efforts to claim the throne of England. Henry was only 17 years old when he became the Duke of Normandy. He married Eleanor of Aquitaine and in 1153 Henry went to England to claim his throne.

Henry was an energetic and sometimes ruthless ruler, driven by the privileges of his royal grandfather. Henry soon came into conflict with Louis VII and the two rulers fought over several decades. These two kings had already fought over Henry’s succession of Normandy and the remarriage of his wife Eleanor. The dispute between the two began to draw in other kingdoms.

Henry and Eleanor had eight children: William, Henry, Richard, Geoffrey, John, Matilda, Eleanor, and Joan. William died at the age of two. Baby Williams death resulted in Henry being crowned as joint king when he came of age. However, because he was never King in his own right, he is known as “Henry the Young King”; not Henry III. In theory, Henry should have inherited the throne from his father.

Weak and very ill, King Henry II died at the age of 56 at Chinon on 6 July 1189. Henry’s oldest surviving son, Richard, was crowned King of England on the 1 September 1189 and became King Richard the “Lionheart”.

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Photo Caption: Peter O’Toole and Katherine Hepburn as Henry VII and Eleanor of Aquitaine in The Lion in Winter.

Meet the Author: Gianna Morrow

Gianna Morro is a student at Schoolcraft College.