On 21 December 1620, the story goes that the Pilgrims landed on Plymouth Rock. Although the rock was on the beach when the Pilgrims landed and some of them might have climbed upon it, they would not have stepped from their boat onto the rock. In fact, contemporaneous accounts of the landing do not reference the now famous rock.

The Pilgrims had left England on September 6 for their voyage to the British colonies first sighted land on November 13. Delays caused by bad weather and explorations kept the majority of the Pilgrims on their ship until December 21. The Pilgrims settled in a town in which they named Plimouth.

The New England Pilgrims were separatists who believed that the Church of England could not be reformed and that a new church needed to be created. This was an even more conservative than the Puritans who believed that the Church of England could be reformed. As the authors of the Plimouth Plantation website explain, “This opinion was very dangerous; in England in the 1600s, it was illegal to be part of any church other than the Church of England.”

Given their importance in the American mind, H.L. Mencken would have been thinking of the Pilgrims when he wrote that Puritanism is “the haunting fear that someone, somewhere, may be happy.”

Composer Cole Porter referenced the landing on Plymouth Rock in his “Anything Goes” which was the concluding song of the play Anything Goes. He wrote that

Times have changed,
And we’ve often rewound the clock,
Since the Puritans got a shock,
When they landed on Plymouth Rock.

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If today,
Any shock they should try to stem,
‘Stead of landing on Plymouth Rock,
Plymouth Rock would land on them.

Were they landing in Plimouth today, the Pilgrims would be even more shocked—and might not even have noticed Plymouth rock –as they viewed the bright lights and decorations being used to celebrate Christmas. After all, from 1659-1681, Christmas was a holiday they outlawed.

–Steven L. Berg, PhD

Photo Caption: Henry Bacon’s 1877 painting showing the Pilgrims landing on Plymouth Rock.

Although Today in History is primarily student written, there are some days when we do not have a student author. You will enjoy another student entry tomorrow.