January 1: Ellis Island Opens
On 1 January 1892, Ellis Island opened its doors taking the place of Castle Garden.
Ellis Island resides in Upper New York Bay next to the Statue of Liberty. The island itself was originally much smaller and home to Fort Gibson, due to some major land reformation the island was made much larger. “The first immigrant to pass through Ellis Island was Annie Moore, a 15-year-old girl from County Cork, Ireland…Ellis Island became the nation’s premier federal immigration station. In operation until 1954, the station processed over 12 million immigrant steamship passengers (Island).”
Once the immigrants were off the ships they had to go through a check in process that involved a medical check up and legal examination to determine whether or not each immigrant was eligible to enter into the United State. For most of the immigrants this process took a few hours and then they were free to continue to their exact destination, but for some a legal hearing was needed and if they were not seen fit to enter into America they had to make a long and exhausting journey back to their homeland. Fortunately only about 2% of the immigrants who came to Ellis Island were sent back.
Ellis Island was in operation until 1954. “The passage of the Immigrant Quota Act of 1921 and the National Origins Act of 1924, which limited the number and nationality of immigrants allowed into the United States, effectively ended the era of mass immigration into New York (History).”
Ellis Island officially closed 12 November 1954. “Following the restoration in the 1980’s, the Main Building reopened in 1990 as the Ellis Island Immigration Museum, a symbol of America’s immigrant heritage (Liberty).” It will forever be known as the Island of Hope, Island of tears.
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Photo Caption: Immigrants at Ellis Island.
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