On 28 December 1895, Auguste and Louis Lumière held a private film show at the Salon Indien du Grand Café in Paris. This marked the beginning of cinema as we know it today; where a large paying audience is able to simultaneously view a motion picture.

The Lumière’s first film La sortie des usines Lumière was one of the ten films—each less than a minute—that were presented that evening. La sortie des usines Lumière simply showed workers leaving the Lumière factory and was the type of film known as an Actuality because it was a record of actual events. Actualities showed a single, unedited scene from live.

Because La sortie des usines Lumière had premiered on 29 March 1895 at Société d’Encouragement de l’Industrie Nationale, December 28 was not the first time that an audience had viewed a motion picture together. However, it was the first time that a paying audience had come together to view film.

Prior to the Lumière’s invention of the Cinematograph, viewing a film was a solitary act. Only one person at a time could use Thomas Edison’s Kinetoscope; an invention that inspired the Lumière brothers.

The Lumière’s L’arrivée d’un train en gare de La Ciotat is said to have frightened the initial audiences who first saw it. This actuality of a train pulling into a station so frightened viewers who thought the train was really coming toward them that they tried to escape through the exits.
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By 1901, the Lumière brothers were out of the motion picture business because they did not see a future in film. Essentially, they could not understand why anyone would want to see a film of something that they could see in their daily lives. However, the brothers—along with their father—remained active in still photography. For example, in 1904, the Lumières developed the Autochrome system for color photography.

–Steven L. Berg, PhD

Photo Caption: Henri Brispot’s “The Lumière cinematograph” (1895)

Although Today in History is primarily student written, there are some days when we do not have a student author. You will enjoy another student entry on 1 January 2013.