August 13: Phoebe Ann Moses Born

On 13 August 1860, Phoebe Ann Moses was born in Drake County, Ohio. She began trick shooting as a young girl to help her family financially. Her shooting abilities would lift her out of poverty and make her an international sensation. Moses was better known by her stage name—Annie Oakley. Oakley’s shooting abilities were filmed by Thomas Edison was 1 November 1894. A documentary about Oakley was produced by the Public Broadcasting Service.

Oakley, while on tour with Buffalo Bill Cody’s Wild West Show along with Chief Sitting Bull and Wild Bill Hickok, performed for Queen Victoria and at the 1889 Paris Exposition. Once, she shot the cigarette out of the mouth of Queen Victoria’s grandson, Kaiser Wilhelm II. Later, Oakley would commenting that had she been a poorer shot when she aimed at Wilhelm’s cigarette, she might have averted the Great War; later known as World War I. Generally, Oakley’s husband, Frank E. Butler, was the one who held the cigarette in his mouth. Oakley had married Butler after she beat him in a shooting match.

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The contrast between America’s royals—Annie Oakley, Buffalo Bill Cody, Chief Sitting Bull, Wild Bill Hickok—and the European royals was stark. Unlike Victoria, no one would have predicted that Phoebe Ann Moses would grow up to be an international representative for her country of birth.

–Steven L. Berg, PhD

2 Responses

  1. Adam Zimmer says:

    On Thanksgiving Day 1875, traveling show marksman Francis E. Butler came to town and challenged a Cincinnati hotel owner Jack Frost that he could beat and local shooter. They placed a bet of $100 a side, roughly $2000 dollars today. Frost arranged a match between Butler and 15 year old Annie. “The las opponent Butler expected was a five foot tall 15 year old girl named Annie” After missing his 25 shot of the match Butler lost the match and the bet. Soon after his defeat though he began courting Annie, and they got married on August 23, 1876. They bared no children together.

  2. Charles Hill says:

    Many claim that because of Annie was an amazing shooter and how fast she became popular and her starting role in Buffalo Bill’s Wild West that she is the first American female superstar. Annie’s most famous shooting trick was with a .22 caliber rifle she would be able to split a playing card multiple times and put several more holes in it before it could hit the ground at 90 feet away which sounds not only impressive but nearly impossible. When Annie joined Buffalo Bill’s Wild West she was only five feet tall and was given the nickname “Watanya Cicilla” but then later more widely known as “Little Sure Shot” in her public advertisements.

    -Charles Hill

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