January 1: Haiti Gains Independence

2014-01-01On 1 January1804, the slaves in Haiti became free from the control of the French. The Haitian revolution represents Haiti becoming the first black country to gain independence from slavery. Toussaint L’Overture was a great hero, who led Haiti in its victory against the French and their general Le Clerc. The Haitian Revolution has been described as the largest and most successful slave rebellion.

In 1791, Toussaint L’Overture began to rebel against the French plantation owners in Haiti. By 1792, the Haitians controlled a third of the island. Haiti was high in sugar, with an extensive coffee, cocoa, indigo, and cotton plantations.

In 1797, Toussaint was made the commander-in-chief of Haiti by the French Convention. Toussaint sought to rebuild the economy and property in 1800. After 12 years of battle, the people of Haiti were greatly affected by the war with property damage and 20,000 of their people being killed.

L’Overtune expanded his revolution by conquering Santo Domingo now known as the Dominican Republic. On 18 November 1803 Jean Jacques Dessalines, one of L’Overtures generals and a former slave, led revolutionaries at the Battle of Vetieres, where the France was defeated again.

One key note is that the French Revolution influenced the Haitian revolution. Both wars were started by distressed people with unfair distribution between social classes, restricted liberties, and a large gap between the rich and the poor. There were however, differences in racial issues, economic stability of the oppressors and social systems.

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