On 15 March 2011 rallies that were part of the Middle Eastern protest movement known as the Arab Spring formed nationwide in Syria. Protestors called for the resignation of President Bashar al-Assad, who lead the country since 1971 as well as the termination of the Ba’ath party rule which began in 1963.

In April 2011, the Syrian government harshly responded to the protests and the Syrian Army was ordered to repress the revolution. Syrian forces started by quietly killing opposition forces which escalated into kidnapping, torturing, and even raping activists and their children. Armed civilians with high hopes of ending Assad’s regime began to shoot back forming organized rebel groups and deploying them throughout the country. Fighting intensified until it was to go down in history as a civil war.

On 21 August 2013, chemical investigators of the United Nations confirmed that large traces of sarin gas were discovered in the suburbs in Damascus and that chemical weaponry has been used in the ongoing conflict in Syria. The United Nations declared that Assad has broken many humanitarian. Soon after the attacks, the United States threatened to attack Syria if they did not give up their chemical weapons. On 12 September 2013, president Assad agreed to put is chemical weapon arsenal under international control.

Throughout history, many nations’ civilians have succeeded in their attempts to overthrow their government. In 1920, the Mexican Revolution overthrew Dictator Porfirio Diaz after serving seven terms as the president of Mexico. Although many revolutions have succeeded, many have failed as well. In 1905, the bourgeois-liberal revolution failed in its attempt to overthrow Tsar Nicholas II in Russia. A full list of successful and unsuccessful revolutions can be found on-line.

–Angela McCoy

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Meet the Author

Angela McCoy is a student at Schoolcraft College.