On 26 January 1564 Pius IV issued a Bull affirming the work of the Council of Trent which had been established in 1542 to counter Protestant heresies. The Council of Trent was an Ecumenical Council considered to be one of the Catholic Church’s most important councils.

The Council of Trent was first called upon in 1542 but it did not assemble until 1545 and concluded in 1563. In the end, some of the things the council accomplished were affirmation of the seven sacraments, the celibacy of the clergy, and the existence of purgatory, as well as the rule that the pope was supreme in the Catholic Church.

The Council of Trent participated as a significant part in deciding the result of the Counter-Reformation. The Council of Trent was the beginning to the Counter-Reformation which was the period of Catholic revival.

The Counter-Reformation was the Catholic Church’s response to the Protestant Reformation. The Reformation and Counter-Reformation brought many consequences alongside Northern Europe’s religious and political freedom. These consequences included many years of rebellions, wars and bloody maltreatment. The Thirty Years’ War was a series of wars that took place mainly in Central Europe and it resulted in the lengthiest and most destructive conflicts in European history. The Counter-Reformation concluded near the end of one of the longest nonstop wars in contemporary history, the Thirty Years’ War in 1648.

–Mario Castorena

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Meet the Author

Mario Castorena is a student at Schoolcraft College.