May 8: Militia Act Passed
On 8 May 1792, Congress passed the Militia Act which allowed Congress to call upon a militia when needed and allow for the organization of state militias. The law states that Congress could call upon a militia “whenever the United States shall be invaded, or be in imminent danger of invasion from any foreign nation or Indian tribe.” This law applied to all white men that were in good health and between the ages of 18-45. The law was later revised to include all races and age went from 45 to 54.
These laws were America’s response to the defeat at St. Clair also known as the Battle of Wabash, which was fought between the U.S. and the Western Confederacy of American Indians. Till this day, it still remains the largest defeat by a U.S. army by American Indians.
After the battle there was widespread fear that the Indians were planning another attack, so Congress was forced to take action immediately. Fortunately, the act was never used for a serious dispute but was used to put an end to the Whiskey Rebellion in 1794. As time wore on, countless events proved that the militia act was no longer capable of national defense and was eventually replaced by Militia Act of 1903 which passed the responsibility on to the National Guard.
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–Derek Covert
Photo Caption: Little Turtle, or Mishikinaakwa, who was a leader of the Miami people. He was also a leader at the Defeat of St. Clair.
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