On 10 June 1805, the First Barbary War ended in a peace treaty.

This was the first declared war the United States fought on foreign land and seas. The war was fought because the Barbary States were seizing American merchant ships and enslaving the crews for high ransoms that President Thomas Jefferson refused to pay. On Jefferson’s inauguration as president in 1801, Yusuf Karamanli, the Bashaw of Tripoli, demanded $225,000 from the new administration. The Jefferson administration and the Bashaw of Tripoli eventually came to an agreement and signed a peace treaty, effectively ending The First Barbary War.

Thomas Jefferson was one of the founding fathers of America; he later served as a diplomat stationed in Paris, and ultimately became the United States Minister to France. Before becoming the third President of the United States he served under George Washington as the first United States Secretary of State.

Capturing ships and enslaving their crews for ransom provided the Barbary nations with wealth and an immense naval presence. Between the 16th and 19th centuries Barbary pirates captured over 1 million Europeans and sold them as slaves. Piracy against U.S. ships did not begin until after the end of the American Revolution, when they were no longer protected by the Treaty of Alliance with Paris. On October 11^th 1784 pirates seized the first American merchant ship, the brigantine Betsey. On July 25^th 1785 pirates also captured the schooner Maria, followed by the Dauphin a week later. The crews of the two ships were enslaved for more than ten years, and were later joined by the crews of other ships captured by the Barbary States.

In 1795, the U.S came to an agreement with Algeria that cost of over $1 million and resulted in the release of 115 American sailors. At the time, that amount accounted for about one-sixth of the total U.S. budget. The continuing demand for tribute, wealth that one party gives to another as a sign of submission or allegiance, ultimately led to the formation of the United States Department of the Navy in 1798 to prevent further attacks upon American shipping and to end the extremely large demands for tribute from the Barbary States.

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Photo Caption: The Barbary Coast is in northern Africa. Map courtesy of the U.S. Government.

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I am a United States Army Veteran currently finishing up my last semester at Schoolcraft College. After Schoolcraft, I will be transferring to the University of Michigan to continue working towards a Bachelor of Science in Criminal Justice.