July 25: Rank of General Created
On 25 July 1866, Congress came up with the new rank of “General” in the U.S. Army. They established this new rank for Ulysses S. Grant, making him the first four star general in United States’ history. This was an appropriate action after Grant’s bravery in the Civil War.
Grant was initially opposed to war. In 1843, he graduated from West Point twenty first out of thirty nine cadets. Despite his not so exemplary school record, he went on to be a captain in the Mexican War where he earned two citations for bravery in battle. He went on to fight in numerous battles throughout the Civil War; the most notable being the Battle of Appomattox Court House.
The Battle of Appomattox Court House was fought on 9 April 1865 and was the last battle between Confederate General Robert E. Lee and Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant before Lee surrendered to the Union Army. Lee tried to break through the Union Army’s front of cavalry for the win, but Grant’s forces were backed up by two corps of infantry. This was Lee’s last stand, and he had no other choice but to surrender. Later that day, surrender documents were signed in a house owned by a man named Wilmer McLean. On April 12, 1865, a formal ceremony marked the disbandment of the Army of Northern Virginia, effectively ending the Civil War.
Due to Grant’s many victories in battle and the effective ending of the Civil War, it was only appropriate that he be promoted to general. He later went on to be the eighteenth president of the United States. Ulysses S. Grant will always be remembered for his bravery in battle and key role in the Civil War. His victory marked a turning point in America’s history.
–Kiera Polk
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Photo Caption: Ulysses S. Grant
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