Otto Albert Koch’s “Varusschlacht,” 1909

For four days in September 9 CE, the Battle of Teutoburg Forest was fought.

When most people think of German military strategy, they would most likely think back to the recent 20^th century in the easily remembered World War I, and World War II. Go back just a little bit further, all the way back to year 9 CE. Now, around this time in history, Germany was coming under numerous attacks by their southern enemies; the Roman Empire. The Germanic tribes were constantly locked in skirmishes with the Romans in what is known as the “Roman-Germanic Wars.”

The Battle of Teutorburg Forest to this day is still considered one of the more influential historical events that changed history. Everyone knows about the Roman Empire and their mighty legions, but in the Teutoburg forest, where the Germanic tribes had home field advantage, the Roman legions were easily susceptible to ambushes and were held off and pushed back by the brave Germanic defenders.

The outcome of the battle left Germania independent from Roman rule and sent the Romans back almost completely decimated. The Roman Empire sent three legions, among a few other units of soldiers. In all, there were anywhere from 20,000-35,000 Romans. The German troups are estimated to have been from 12,000 to around 30,000.
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In the end, size of force did not seem to matter as Roman casualties numbered over 20,000 while Germanic losses are not known. While this particular event did not end or discourage future Roman attempts at expansion in Europe, it certainly taught Emperor Augustus a lesson in humility and to think twice about how he saw Germania.

–Anthony McKernan

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I am a 19 year old college student currently taking classes at Schoolcraft College in Livonia, Michigan. After classes at Schoolcraft, my plans are to transfer to universityto further pursue my degree in medicine.