September 15: Race Laws Adopted
On 15 September 1935, the Reichstag adopted two laws which are known as the Nuremburg Race Laws. “Reichsburgergesetz” deprived Jews of their citizenship. “Gesetz zum Schutze des Deutschen Blutes und der Deutschen Ehre” made it illegal for gentiles and Jews to marry or to have sexual relations with Aryans. Adolph Hitler had previously announced these measures at the 1935 Nazi rally held in Nuremburg, but they were not officially adopted until September 15. The Nuremburg Race Laws would be supplemented with other laws and decrees that effectively deprived Jews of their humanity and lead to the concentration camps and Jewish Holocaust.
The United States National Holocaust Museum explains that “The Nuremberg Laws, as they became known, did not define a ‘Jew’ as someone with particular religious beliefs. Instead, anyone who had three or four Jewish grandparents was defined as a Jew, regardless of whether that individual identified himself or herself as a Jew or belonged to the Jewish religious community. Many Germans who had not practiced Judaism for years found themselves caught in the grip of Nazi terror. Even people with Jewish grandparents who had converted to Christianity were defined as Jews.”
The 1934 Nazi Party Congress in Nuremburg was filmed by Leni Riefenstahl. Her documentary of the event was released in 1935 under the title Triumph des Willens [Triumph of the Will]. More than 700,000 Nazi supporters attended the rally. The film glorified Hitler and showed him as a great leader who would restore glory to Germany. Because of Riefenstahl’s incredible film talent, Triumph des Willens is considered to be one of the best examples of propaganda films.
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Race laws were not exclusive to Nazi Germany. In the United States, laws forbidding intermarriage between the races remained on books until 1968 when, in the case of Loving v. Virginia, the Supreme Court ruled that they were unconstitutional.
–Steven L. Berg, PhD
Photo Caption: Nuremburg Race Laws Chart
Amber Seiler
The Holocaust was a terrible time in our history. It deprived not only the Jews but Poles, Soviets, Gypsies, the mentally ill, the deaf, the physically disabled and mentally retarded, homosexuals and transsexuals, political opponents (like democrats and socialists), religious dissidents (like Jehovah’s Witnesses and Catholics) and more. Anyone that didn’t fit the norm of the Germans were sent to concentration and execution camps for nothing other than the fact that they were different. Most of the prisoners died from starvation, disease, maltreatment, and from being overworked. Thankfully we have museums and books to remind us of these terrible events so we or anyone else isn’t sentenced to the kind of hell that these people did.