On 20 October 1720, the Royal Navy captured the Caribbean pirate, Calico Jack.

John “Calico Jack” Rackham was an English pirate in the 18th century who sailed in the Caribbean and the southeastern coast of the United States. He earned his name from the colorful calico cloth he wore. Rackham became famous because he had two female pirates on his ship that he commanded, named Anne Bonny and Mary Read.

Rackham was not a pirate for long. He was first a quartermaster on an English warship called Neptune whose captain was Charles Vane. Rackham replaced Captain Charles Vane because he refused to engage a French vessel.

At this time, the crew took a vote and made Rackham Captain and immediately turned around and engaged the French vessel and won. After this victory Rackham proposed to turn to piracy. Without hesitations the crew immediately agreed. They begin to capture ships; one being the Kingston. When they arrived home, Rackham asked the governor for a Royal pardon, saying Vane made him and the crew become pirates. The governor agreed to the Royal pardon because he was not a fan of Vane.

Rackham decided to violate his pardon and become a pirate again going after poorly armed merchant ships and fishermen. After about three months of violating his pardon, Captain Jonathan Barnet captured Rackham on 20 October 1720. Barnet of the Royal Navy had been hunting Rackham and his crew. Rackham and his crew were brought to trial at St. Jago De La Vega in Jamaica. They were found guilty and all hanged in Port Royal. Rackham’s body was hung up on a small island to warn pirates.

An interesting fact about Rackham was that his flag was the black and white skull over the two crossbones. He made this flag and nowadays this flag is a well-known symbol for pirates. The pirate’s flag, also known as the Jolly Roger, flown to frighten pirates’ victims to try and get them to surrender without a fight. Pirates were not like other people; they showed no mercy. They would kill and slaughter anything in their sites.

–Justin Shureb

Photo Caption/Credit: Artist rendition of Calico Jack with Anne Bonny and Mary Read from Emma Jolly’s “Awesome Ladies in History: Anne Bonny.” (top) Rackham’s Jolly Roger. (bottom)

Meet the Author: Justin Shureb

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