November 9: Freed from Captivity
On 9 November 1764, sixteen year old Mary Campbell was released from captivity. She had been abducted by Lenape Indians on 21 May 1758. After her capture, Campbell had lived with the family of Chief Netawatwees. Her release had been arranged by Colonel Henry Bouquet at the conclusion of Pontiac’s War.
Pontiac’s War began in May 1763 when Native Americans attacked British forts and settlements. They were upset with policies established by the British at the conclusion of the French and Indian War; policies that treated Native Americans as a conquered people. The French had treated them as allies.
During the colonial period, captivity narratives were an important piece of literature that served a redemptive purpose. As Richard Slokin argues, “”In [a captivity narrative] a single individual, usually a woman, stands passively under the strokes of evil, awaiting rescue by the grace of God. The sufferer represents the whole, chastened body of Puritan society; and the temporary bondage of the captive to the Indian is dual paradigm– of the bondage of the soul to the flesh and the temptations arising from original sin, and of the self-exile of the English Israel from England….The captive’s ultimate redemption by the grace of Christ and the efforts of the Puritan magistrates is likened to the regeneration of the soul in conversion.”
While books such as The Captivity and Deliverance of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson, of Lancaster, who was taken by the French and Indians / Written by Herself were popular, not all captives wished to return to their British homes and families. More than one woman who was rescued from her savage captors escaped back to the tribe who had originally kidnapped her.
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–Steven L. Berg, PhD
Photo Caption: Cover page of Mary Rowlandson’s captivity narrative.
Although Today in History is primarily student written, there are some days when we do not have a student author. You will enjoy another student entry tomorrow.
Adam Clark 
Evan DeFoe
On 1763 The Pontiac’s war was launched. The Native American tribes primarily from the Great Lakes region, the Illinois Country, and Ohio Country were dissatisfied with British postwar policies after the British victory in the French and Indian War (1754-1763). Warriors from many different tribes joined forces to drive the British soldiers and settlers out of the region.
The war began when the Natives attacked a number of British forts. About eight forts were destroyed and hundreds were killed or captured and some fled to region. The violence came to an end after the British Army expedition in 1764 led to peace for the next two years. Though the Natives tried their best to drive away the British, but they were unable to. Even though they did not drive the British away they were about to prompt the British government to change the policies that started the conflict and violence.
The British government tried to prevent any more violence between the two by creating the Royal Proclamation of 1763, which made a foundry between the two, but in the end this Proclamation that was created was probably one of the early factors that led to the American Revolution.
This shows that people will always fight for what they believe in and what they want, especially when it is unfair and unjust to others.
-Shari Wilke